Europe falls behind in the technology and digital sector depending on the exports of other countries such as the US […]
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Category: Economy & Trade
“What is at stake for Spain with the new EU-US Trade & Technology Council?”, Raquel Jorge-Ricart (Elcano, Spain)
In 1966, the Italian Foreign Minister, Amintore Fanfani, called on Washington, DC, to establish a “technological Marshall Plan” among NATO […]
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“How 2400 pages of tech industrial policy will change transatlantic relations”, Tobias Gehrke (Egmont, Belgium)
The currently 2400-page long ‘US Innovation and Competition Act’ making its way through Congress is about one thing only: China. […]
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“Lost in translation? The Comprehensive Agreement on Investment and EU–China trade relations”, Guillaume Van Der Loo (Egmont, Belgium)
The Discussion Paper analyses the scope and contents of the ambitious Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI) between the EU and […]
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“EU-MENA Trade Relations After COVID-19: State of Play and Scenarios for Modernising the EU-MENA Free Trade Areas”, Guillaume Van Der Loo (Egmont, Belgium)
The economies of both the European Union (EU) and the countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region […]
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“Getting Fit for Public Procurement: The Push for Professionalism”, Gracia Vara Arribas (EIPA, Maastricht)
Public procurement is a key policy area for the proper functioning of the internal market, accounting for 14 % of […]
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“Russia-EU economic relations: from moderate pull to normative push?”, Richard Connolly and András Deák (IWE CERS, Hungary)
In this chapter, the authors examine the nature of economic relations between the Russian Federation and European Union. They describe […]
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“Open RAN: an opportunity for European digital and like-minded cooperation?”, Ugo Armanini (Elcano, Spain)
The concept of Open RAN is progressively acquiring greater visibility in the media and the public debate. The concept aims […]
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“Digitalization as a common good. Contribution to an inclusive recovery”, Julia Pomares, Andrés Ortega and María Belén Abdala (Elcano, Spain)
The outbreak of COVID-19, and the way it has been confronted, has not only accelerated the digitalizaton of large parts […]
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“EU arms export policy: achievements and current challenges”, Kyriakos Revelas (CIFE)
The EU regime for conventional arms exports, with its common criteria and commitments binding on Member States, aims at a […]
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“Reforming the governance of the Economic and Monetary Union: the issues”, Carlos Martínez Mongay et al (Elcano, Spain)
This paper sets out a series of questions for the EMU reform debate, including the Banking Union, the Capital Markets […]
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“EU Trade Policy: Principles versus Pragmatism. The Cases of Vietnam and Cambodia”, Angela Pennisi di Floristella (IAI, Italy)
European Union (EU) trade policy has appeared rather contradictory recently towards countries in which there are instances of human rights […]
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“The EU Non-Financial Reporting Directive and corporate narrative disclosure practices: the case of the fashion industry”, Lela Melón (CIDOB, Barcelona)
The present work tackles the crucial issue of global sustainability and the challenge of policy coherence around sustainability, focusing on […]
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“Recognizing ‘geoeconomic risk’: Rethinking corporate risk management for the era of great-power competition”, Christian Fjäder, Niklas Helwig and Mikael Wigell (FIIA, Finland)
As economic policy has become a key strategic means in great-power rivalry, states are attempting to control the economic networks […]
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“Why do firms import via merchants in entrepôt countries rather than directly from the source”, Hege Medin (NUPI, Norway)
An increasing share of world trade happens indirectly via merchants in third countries, so-called entrepôts. This article uses an exhaustive […]
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“The fall and stagnation of the global middle class”, Andrés Ortega (Elcano, Spain)
A great revolution of recent decades has been the powerful emergence of a significant global middle class. Among the destructive effects […]
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“Enhancing economic cooperation between EU and Maghreb countries: Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia”, Francis Ghilès (CIDOB, Barcelona)
Offshoring, which had its heyday a decade ago, consists in moving the production of parts of the value chain to […]
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“China’s Digital Silk Road in Latin America and the Caribbean”, Raquel Jorge-Ricart (Elcano, Spain)
China, through its Digital Silk Road (or DSR) aims to helping middle-income and developing countries to bridge the digital gap. […]
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“COVID-19: lockdowns, recession and…a new stock market bubble?”, Rossella Leali (Elcano, Spain)
2020 has been a year marked by the outbreak of COVID-19, lockdowns and a deep recession in the world’s economy. Yet, […]
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“Waiving vaccine patents?”, Enrique Feás and Federico Steinberg (Elcano, Spain)
These extraordinary times and circumstances call for extraordinary measures’: with this statement, the US Trade Representative announced her support for […]
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“Transparency in EU trade policy: a comprehensive assessment of current achievement”, Guillaume Van der Loo and Axel Marx (Egmont, Belgium)
The EU trade policy is increasingly confronted with demands for more transparency. This article aims to investigate how transparency takes […]
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“The EU’s new trade strategy: Gearing up for competition over values”, Okko-Pekka Salmimies and Saila Turtiainen (FIIA, Finland)
The EU’s new trade strategy instrumentalizes trade policy more forcefully in order to promote EU values such as democracy and […]
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“The new Digital Compass at the EU: risks and opportunities”, Raquel Jorge-Ricart (Elcano, Spain)
On 9th March 2021, the European Commission released its newly Digital Compass: the first detailed document by which EU’s Digital Decade ambitions are translated into measurable, […]
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“Quo Vadis, Bitcoin?”, Judith Arnal Martín, María Eugenia Menéndez-Morán and Javier Muñoz Moldes (Elcano, Spain)
Technological progress has enabled the development of new assets that aim at fulfilling the functions of money. Replacing traditional money […]
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“Digital tulips and the spectre of inflation”, Miguel Otero-Iglesias (Elcano, Spain)
The history of money is as fascinating as the history of civilisation. So much that the two are closely linked […]
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“On the Dialectical Unity of Economics – Applied Economists, Boundary Walkers and the Emergence of Macro-Finance”, Matthias Thiemann (Sciences Po CEE, France)
This paper investigates how theories of financial markets and their impact on the real economy have developed since the great […]
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“Ukraine’s half-hearted reforms: What needs to change in the West’s approach?”, Arkady Moshes and Ryhor Nizhnikau (FIIA, Finland)
Comprehensive internal reforms, along with security cooperation, are a key pillar of West-Ukraine interaction. Thus far, however, the Western effort […]
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“EU-China investment agreement: the EU’s balancing act between values and economic interests”, Saila Turtiainen (FIIA, Finland)
The ratification process for the EU’s new investment agreement with China is expected to be very difficult. Although the aim […]
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“Searching for a Way Out of the Labyrinth of Digital Financial Innovations – The Trap of Regulatory Challenges in the Digital Financial System”, János Müller and Ádám Kerényi (IWE CERS, Hungary)
János Müller and Ádám Kerényi are monitoring the regulatory tasks and needs in relation to digital financial innovations, which are […]
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“Beyond Trade War in Washington: The United States and our less Global Future”, Lauri Tähtinen (FIIA, Finland)
The grand trajectory of the United States has shifted from leader to vocal sceptic of trade integration. Joe Biden is […]
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“Globalization: Challenges for Economic policy”, Miklós Szanyi (IWE CERS, Hungary)
Economic systems work in specific technological environment that determine not only the production process (the real economy), but also markets, […]
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“Chinese and Indian FDI in Hungary and the role of Eastern Opening policy”, Katalin Völgyi and Eszter Lukács (IWE CERS, Hungary)
The aim of this paper is to assess the main features of Chinese and Indian investments in Hungary and the […]
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“Collaborative Efforts to Stimulate Sustainable Investment for COVID-19 Recovery in Developing Countries”, San Bilal (Elcano, Spain)
Limited fiscal space in many developing countries demands collective efforts and EU leadership to help improve their macro-economic conditions and […]
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“China, the US and the EU: Three Ways of Confronting Big Tech”, Andrés Ortega (Elcano, Spain)
There is a general mobilisation on the part of states and governments against the power of Big Tech, the great […]
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“FDI-based models and what the future may have in store for them”, Magdolna Sass (IWE CERS, Hungary)
The economic strategy of the Visegrád countries has largely been based on attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). Although it showed […]
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“Developmental States in the Twenty-First Century: New Wine into Old Bottles?”, Judit Ricz (IWE CERS, Hungary)
On the eve of the twenty-first century both the world economy and economics as a social science face important challenges, […]
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“The EU-China Investment Agreement: A Step in the Right Direction”, Mario Esteban and Miguel Otero-Iglesias (Elcano, Spain)
The announcement of an investment agreement between the EU and China (EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment, or CAI) on 30 […]
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“Brexit: Ending the City’s Dominance of European Finance?”, Graham Bishop (The Federal Trust, United Kingdom)
The future of the financial services industry – centred in the City of London – matters enormously to the health […]
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“Cash for development? The use of microcredits and cash transfers as development tools”, Aitor Pérez, Nicolás Ayensa and Maricruz Lacalle (Elcano, Spain)
This report provides details of the latest advances in these cash-for-development tools at a time when the EU is reshaping […]
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“Recovery and Resilience Plans for the Next Generation EU: A Unique Opportunity that must be taken Quickly, and Carefully”, Marco Lopriore and Marina Vlachodimitropoulou (EIPA, Maastricht)
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought a severe economic contraction in EU countries through a massive shock to demand and a […]
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“The Anatomy of the Newly Emerging Illiberal Model of State Capitalism: A Developmental Dead End?”, Judit Ricz (IWE CERS, Hungary)
The article aims to conceptualize the contemporary illiberal model of state capitalism with the main focus on emerging economies. State […]
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“Understanding corruption in the twenty-first century: towards a new constructivist research agenda”, Sofia Wickberg (Sciences Po CEE, France)
The search for a universally acceptable definition of corruption has been a central element of scholarship on corruption over the […]
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“The Reinvention of Development Banking in the European Union: Industrial Policy in the Single Market and the Emergence of a Field”, Daniel Mertens, Matthias Thiemann and Peter Volberding (Sciences Po CEE, France)
National development banks (NDBs) have transformed from outdated relics of national industrial policy to central pillars of the European Union’s […]
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“Factors for Short-Term Forecast of the Ukraine’s Economy”, Vasyl Yurchyshyn (Razumkov Centre, Ukraine)
From the very beginning of its deployment, the crisis caused a significant (“synchronised”) economic shock. The first measures to restrict […]
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“China and the USA in Central Asia: Competing Actors with Different Goals?”, Alica Kizeková (IIR, Czech Republic)
The chapter examines the engagement of China and the USA with the states in Central Asia in the era of […]
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“Customs brokers as intermediaries in international trade”, Hege Medin (NUPI, Norway)
Recent studies suggest that intermediaries like merchants facilitate international trade by reducing fixed trade costs for producers that trade through […]
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“After the Hungarian-Polish veto: What next for the EU budget and Corona funds?”, Manuel Müller (IEP, Germany)
The Hungarian-Polish veto of the new multi-annual financial framework has presented the EU with a major challenge. But even if […]
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“The African Continental Free Trade Area: The Role of EU Support for Africa’s Historic Trade Agreement”, Iona Lungu (ÖGFE, Austria)
The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) is an exceptionally ambitious project of Pan-African integration. Eliminating tariffs on intra-African imports […]
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“Is It Really Possible to Move Up in the Global Value Chains? Opportunities in Electromobility and New Modes of Mobility for the Central European Automotive Industry”, Gábor Túry (IWE CERS, Hungary)
The work deals with the effectiveness of the function of LEPLs and non-profit (non-commercial) legal entities under the central and […]
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“Factors for Short-Term Forecast of the Ukraine’s Economy”, Vasyl Yurchyshyn (Razumkov Centre, Ukraine)
From the very beginning of its deployment, the crisis caused a significant (“synchronised”) economic shock. The first measures to restrict […]
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“Housing in the Digital Age: Trends and Implications”, Carlos Delclós (CIDOB, Barcelona)
The digitalization of the housing market has had a particularly dramatic effect on cities. Short-term rental platforms are blurring the […]
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“European Union Recovery Funds: Strings Attached, but not Tied up in Knots”, Jean Pisani-Ferry (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
This policy brief addresses how ensuring effective recovery spending is a high-stakes challenge for the European Union, with the potential […]
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“Technological advance and labour: A historical and global approach”, Annamaria Artner (IWE CERS, Hungary)
The author examines the effects of technological advance on the labour market from a non-mainstream, historical and global perspective. First, […]
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“Value Chain Approaches to Reducing Policy Spillovers on International Business”, Christopher Findlay and Bernard Hoekman (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
Given rising technological and market-driven headwinds confronting GVCs, countries seeking to attract GVC activities have greater incentives to identify and […]
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“Export Restrictions During Global Health Crises: the International Community Can and Must do Better”, Laura Puccio and André Sapir (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
Offers a legal and economic assessment of export restrictions and argues that the current international rules – administered respectively by […]
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“Blind spots in IPE: marginalized perspectives and neglected trends in contemporary capitalism”, Colin Hay, Genevieve Lebaron, Daniel Mügge, et al. (Sciences Po, France)
Which blind spots shape scholarship in International Political Economy (IPE)? That question animates the contributions to a double special issue—one […]
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“EU Financing for Next Decade: Beyond the MFF 2021-2027 and the Next Generation EU”, Brigid Laffan and Alfredo De Feo (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
This edited volume on the EU Multiannual Financial Framework 2021-2027 offers a global comment on all the issues touched by […]
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“External Differentiation in Access to the Single Market: Effectiveness, Account-ability and Political Unity”, Andreas Eisl (IAI, Italy)
This policy paper studies external economic differentiation – that is, the various forms of third-country access to the European Single […]
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“Lessons from the Mountains: Mobility and Migrations in Euro-Mediterranean Agro-Pastoralism”, Domenica Farinella and Michele Nori (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
Using the results of extensive fieldwork in pastoral regions of Greece, Spain, and Italy, the chapter shows the subaltern role […]
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“Chinese multinationals in East Central Europe: structural, institutional or political considerations?”, Ágnes Szunomár (IWE CERS, Hungary)
This thought-provoking book to which IWE CERS’s Ágnes Szunomár has contributed a chapter investigates the political and economic transformation that […]
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“Emerging-market Multinational Enterprises in East Central Europe”, Edited by Ágnes Szunomár (IWE CERS, Hungary)
The rise of multinational enterprises (MNEs) from emerging markets is topical, important and poses a number of questions and challenges […]
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“The ECB’s Mandate: Wider Perspectives on European Union Monetary Policies”, Michael Lloyd (The Federal Trust, United Kingdom)
Dr Michael Lloyd sets out the conclusions and recommendations of a new report reviewing the development of ECB monetary policy […]
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“How did Trade in GVC-based Products Respond to Previous Health Shocks? Lessons for COVID-19”, Anirudh Shingal and Prachi Agarwal (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
Examines how trade in GVC-based products may have responded to two previous health shocks – SARS and MERS. The effects […]
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“Trade Reorientation and Restructuring towards Fast-growing Emerging Economies: Crisis Response of the EU Member States”, Yuhong Shang, Marjan Svetličič and Katja Zajc Kejžar (CIR, Slovenia)
The paper deals with the geographical reorientation and product restructuring of trade as a crisis-response strategy. The authors exploit the […]
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“Helping to spend it wisely: REACT-EU and the challenges of good projects”, Marco Lopriore (EIPA, Maastricht)
EU Member States are urged to use the new financing instrument, the REACT-EU initiative, to support regional and local economies […]
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“What role can EU recovery funds play in boosting new approaches to urban regeneration? The case of Spain and Portugal”, Eva Garcia Chueca (CIDOB, Barcelona)
The pandemic has made urban regeneration more urgent than before due to the impact of the crisis in the widening […]
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“Services Trade Policies and Economic Integration: New Evidence for Developing Countries”, Bernard M Hoekman and Ben Shepherd (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
This paper provides the first quantitative evidence on the restrictiveness of services policies in 2016 for a sample of developing […]
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“The effects of industry 4.0 on foreign direct investment in the Visegrád Group countries”, Andrea Éltető, Magda Sass et al. (IWE CERS, Hungary)
The international research project “Effects of Industry 4.0 on FDI in the Visegrád countries” has ended and its result is […]
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“The challenge for Spain to use the EU’s pandemic recovery fund wisely”, William Chislett (Elcano, Spain)
Spain’s economy, with weak fundamentals before the outbreak of COVID-19, has been hit hard by the pandemic, particularly the tourism […]
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“COVID-19 and the legal impact on the shipping industry and the case of Cyprus”, Maria Th. Athanasiou (CEIA, Cyprus)
A ship, being a non-living object, cannot be infected by COVID-19, but the same does not apply to those executing […]
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“Mitigating the COVID-19 effect: Emergency economic policy-making in Central Europe”, Tomáš Profant (IIR, Czech Republic)
IIR researcher Tomáš Profant co-authored the paper Mitigating the COVID-19 effect: Emergency economic policy-making in Central Europe which explores the economic […]
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“Film Globally, Work Locally: Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of the Production Incentive Programme in the Croatian Audio-visual Industry”, Jaka Primorac (IRMO, Croatia)
The Senior Research Associate Jaka Primorac from IRMO’s Department of Culture and Communication published an article in the international scientific […]
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“The Political Economy of Private Law: Comment on ‘The Code of Capital'”, Matthias Thiemann (Sciences Po, France)
Katharina Pistor’s book “The code of capital – how the law creates wealth and inequality” is an original and insightful […]
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“Big Tech and the Digital Economy: the Moligopoly Scenario”, Nicolas Petit (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
This book asks a simple question: are the tech giants monopolies? In the current environment of suspicion towards the major […]
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“Sánchez must snatch the Economic Vice-presidency for Spain”, Miguel Otero-Iglesias and Ilke Toygür (Elcano, Spain)
Spain deserves a top job in the EU and Pedro Sánchez is determined to get it. For a country that […]
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“Regulatory barriers to trade in services: A new database and composite indices”, Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås, Sebastian Benz and Janos Ferencz (NUPI, Norway)
This paper presents new data on services trade regulation for 46 countries in 22 services sectors over 6 years (2014–2019). […]
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“The EU Defence Market Directives: Genesis, Implemen-tation and Way Ahead”, Alessandro Marrone and Michele Nones (IAI, Italy)
The 2009 directives on defence procurement (2009/81) and intra-EU transfers (2009/43) were adopted after a delicate process led by the […]
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“Creative Workers in Permanent Crisis: Labor in the Croatia’s Contemporary Arts and Culture”, Jaka Primorac, Valerija Barada and Edgar Buršić (IRMO, Croatia)
The Senior Research Associate Jaka Primorac from the IRMO’s Department for Culture and Communication in collaboration with Valerija Barada from […]
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“Facilitating circular change with services”, Metka Stare (CIR, Slovenia)
Metka Stare, PhD (a member of Centre of International Relations at the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia), […]
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“Huawei in Central and Eastern Europe: Strategic Partner or Potential Threat?”, Ágnes Szunomár, Jopanna Karas and Iulia Oehler-Sincai (IWE CERS, Hungary)
The change of Central and Eastern European countries from centrally planned to market economies resulted in increasing inflows of foreign […]
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“The emergence of strategic capitalism: geoeconomics, corporate statecraft and the repurposing of the global economy”, Henrique Choer Moraes and Mikael Wigell (FIIA, Finland)
The global economy is gradually drifting in the direction of strategic capitalism. In contrast to the free market capitalism prevailing […]
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“Asian Foreign Direct Investments in the Visegrad Countries: What Are Their Motivations for Coming Indirectly?”, Andrea S. Gubik, Magdolna Sass and Ágnes Szunomár (IWE CERS, Hungary)
Asian foreign direct investments are significant in the Visegrad countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia). Statistics compiled by the […]
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“Contribution of the Automotive Industry to the Domestic Economy, From a Center-Periphery Point of View”, Gábor Túry (IWE CERS, Hungary)
The paper investigates the contribution of the automotive industry to the domestic economy from the point of view of regional […]
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“Digital entrepreneurs in factory economies: Evidence from the automotive industry in Hungary”, Andrea Szalavetz (IWE CERS, Hungary)
Andrea Szalavetz has contributed to the new book “The challenge of digital transformation in the automotive inductry: Jobs, upgrading and […]
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“Digital transformation and local manufacturing subsidiaries in central and eastern Europe: Changing prospects for upgrading?”, Andrea Szalavetz (IWE CERS, Hungary)
Andrea Szalavetz has contributed to the new book “The challenge of digital transformation in the automotive inductry: Jobs, upgrading and […]
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“Impact of Digital Technologies and the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Trade In Services”, Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås et al. (NUPI, Norway)
Digital technologies are cutting trade costs for services, turning more services from non-tradables into tradables, and putting trade in services […]
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“Governing finance in Europe: a centralisation of rulemaking?”, Adrienne Heritier and Magnus G. Schoeller (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
Incorporating insights from a variety of disciplines, Governing Finance in Europe provides a comprehensive framework to investigate the dynamics leading […]
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“Italian-Turkish Economic Relations: An Overview”, Sinan Ekim and Nicola Bilotta (IAI, Italy)
The historically stable relationship between Italy and Turkey is experiencing a moment of uncertainty. Italy’s officials and businesspeople generally support […]
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“Manifesto for a Post-COVID-19 Recovery Towards Smarter and More Sustainable Transport”, Matthias Finger, Juan Montero and Teodora Serafimova (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
This Manifesto sets out to examine the response to the Covid-19 crisis in matters of transport at this stage and […]
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“Economic Analysis of Georgia’s Free Trade Agreements with EU and China”, Mikheil Mgebrishvili (PMC, Georgia)
It’s been five years after DCFTA was implemented and two years have passed since FTA with China. It is interesting […]
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“Overcoming the net position thinking in EU member states”, Julia Bachtrögler-Unger, Mario Holzner, Veronika Kubeková and Margit Schratzenstaller (ÖGFE, Austria)
Focusing primarily on the question of net contributions to the EU budget instead of the question of the ideal size […]
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“The European Investment Bank’s financing activities in the Southern Mediterranean”, Tamás Szigetvári (IWE CERS, Hungary)
The Southern Mediterranean, as a neighbouring region for the European Union has received a special interest in the EU policies […]
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“FDI according to ultimate versus immediate investor countries: which dataset performs better?”, Magdolna Sass and Imre Fertő (IWE CERS, Hungary)
Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays an ever-increasing role in the world economy; however, empirical research on many aspects of FDI […]
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“China, EU and Georgia Nexus: Unpacking the Economic and Political Relations”, Irakli Sirbiladze and Mikheil Mgebrishvili (PMC, Georgia)
The main objective of the research is to study the impacts that free trade agreements with the EU (DCFTA) and […]
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“The financial sector after the transition period – will it get a meaningful equivalence?, Vicky Pryce (The Federal Trust, United Kingdom)
The first of the newly scheduled weekly talks between the UK and EU teams on a trade deal by the […]
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“China-Georgia Relations amid Georgia’s Western Path: An Emerging but Limited Partnership?”, Irakli Sirbiladze (PMC, Georgia)
This policy brief attempts to understand China-Georgia relations. Georgia-China economic relations have received particular attention, yet there is a relative […]
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“New Hansa and Frugal Four: The Role of Small Creditor States in the Economic and Monetary Union”, Magnus G. Schoeller (ÖGFE, Austria)
The debate on an EU recovery package to fight the corona crisis evokes patterns known from the eurozone crisis, where […]
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“Stakeholder Preferences and Priorities for the Next WTO Director General”, Matteo Fiorini, Bernard Hoekman, Petros C. Mavroidis, Douglas Nelson and Robert Wolfe (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
This paper reports on the results of an expert survey undertaken to solicit views on what WTO members and the […]
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“The European Union as the centre of gravity of the economic and political strategies to end the crisis”, Emmanuel Comte (CIDOB, Spain)
The European Union remains the centre of gravity of the economic and political strategies to end the current economic crisis. […]
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“Trade liberalization and political violence: evidence from North-South preferential trade agreements”, Francesco Amodio, Leonardo Baccini, Giorgio Chiovelli and Michele Di Maio (RSCAS-EUI, Italy)
This paper explores the micro-foundations of the trade-conflict nexus. We focus on the reduction of tariffs on agricultural imports from […]
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