This new report by Mark Galeotti on how Russia manages its political war in Europe was written for the European Council on Foreign Relations. Russia carries out and encourages ‘active measures’ in Europe to destabilise and confuse governments and societies. But these are often opportunistic and shaped by local conditions. There is no grand strategy in this matter beyond weakening the EU and NATO and creating a more conducive environment for Russia. Without giving up hope of persuading Moscow to change its policies, Europe must nonetheless address its own vulnerabilities by ‘fixing the roof’ rather than simply hoping the rain will stop. Among other things, this includes addressing democratic backsliding in parts of the continent.