“COP 27: The Commitment of Cities and the Limits of Nation-States”, Ricardo Martínez (CIDOB, Spain)

The victory of the fossil fuels industry in the text of the final declaration of COP27 in Sharm el-Sheikh is a reminder of the limits of nation-states. The poor results of the conference reveal the blatant imbalance between actors who are truly engaged in climate action and others who are trying to obstruct the energy transition. While cities are in the forefront of the struggle against climate change and should be recognised as such, the real winners at COP27 are the hydrocarbon producers and industry.

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