The new EU trade strategy focusing on supply chains resilience and sustainability as a pillar of the European path towards open strategic autonomy raises concerns, especially with regard to the potential risks of encouraging protectionism and undermining international interdependence. According to recent evidence concerning Italy’s role in international production networks, the restructuring of GVCs through reshoring processes does not seem to be neither efficient nor a priority for companies. Drawing on recent findings concerning the debate on economic interdependence and the resilience of global value chains, alternative trade policy options are recommended as possible applications of the EU open strategic autonomy in the pursuit of sustainable GVCs.
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