Integrating Diversity in the European Union (InDivEU) was a Horizon 2020 funded research project aimed at contributing concretely to the current debate on the ‘Future of Europe’ by assessing, developing and testing a range of models and scenarios for different levels of integration among EU Member States. 

InDivEU was coordinated by the Robert Schuman Centre at the European University Institute, where it was hosted by the European Governance and Politics Programme. The project comprised a consortium of 14 partner institutions and ran from January 2019 to December 2021. The scientific coordinators were Brigid Laffan (Robert Schuman Centre) and Frank Schimmelfennig (ETH Zürich). 

InDivEU’s research was organised around four interconnected blocks that add normative theory, law, political science, public policy and economics: 

1. The foundations: analysis of the philosophical foundations of legitimate Differentiated Integration (DI), the legal and constitutional acceptability of DI and a thorough exploration of the DI preferences of citizens, governments and parties;
2. The evolution: investigation of the patterns, causes and effects of DI;
3. The zooming-in: consideration of internal and external differentiation, differentiation through flexible implementation and alternative forms of differentiation;  
4. The scenarios: provision of evidence-based advice on designing future DI. 

InDivEU brought together a consortium of some of Europe’s foremost research universities and outstanding scholars of Differentiated Integration in order to create a comprehensive knowledge base on differentiated integration that will be of direct relevance to Europe’s policy makers.

The InDivEU consortium contained: European University Institute (Italy, coordinator), ETH Zürich (Switzerland), Hertie School of Governance (Germany), Liechtenstein Institute (Liechtenstein), London School of Economics (UK), Masaryk University Brno (Czech Republic), Sabanci University Istanbul (Turkey), Trans European Policy Studies Association (Belgium), University of Aberdeen (UK), University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands), University of Pula (Croatia), University of Utrecht (The Netherlands), University of Warsaw (Poland), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (The Netherlands), University of Exeter (UK).